Conflict and the County
Who else apart from the County Regiments?
It is not just in the regiments of the county that Oxfordshire people have served.
The Royal Navy
The Royal Navy had a wartime presence in the County! This was an airstation, HMS Hornbill, at the aerodrome at Culham.
Perhaps fewer than areas bordering the sea, but many Oxfordshire men have found their way to the Navy or, having served on ships, have settled in the county.
The Royal Navy named some ships after towns in the County at different times:
HMS Abingdon (minesweeper in World War I and II)
HMS Bicester (minesweeper in World War I, destroyer in World War II and a mine counter-measures ship post-war)
HMS Burford (3 separate 70-gun 3rd rate ships between 1679 and 1785)
HMS Oxford Castle (a corvette from 1942 to 1960)
HMS Oxford (a 26-gun ship from 1656 to 1669 and a 54-gun ship from 1674 to 1758).
Royal Artillery
There have been some Oxfordshire cap-badged units, usually amalgamations of other units - such as the Yeomanry regiments - or locally based at the beginning of World War II for air defence; as the threat and need changed, these were taken off to other parts of the country and abroad.
63rd (Oxfordshire Yeomanry) Anti-Tank Regiment, of which 251 Battery served in Singapore where it was captured. The men spent 3 1/2 years on the "Death Railway"
120 (Oxford) Heavy Battery
135 (Oxford) Heavy Battery
Royal Signals
Royal Signals units that have or have had 
county links have been Territorial Army units. Hence the Oxfordshire Yeomanry title migrated from mounted troops through the Royal Artillery to the Royal Signals, where it is today in 805 (Queen's Own Oxfordshire Hussars) Troop.
Military air power
There was early military flying near Oxford, from 1910 onwards. During World War I there were some bases in the county, expanding as it became apparent between the wars that air power would become more important. During World War II it expanded in earnest, with over 30 air stations in Oxfordshire by 1945. Some of these are described on this site, see the airbases list.
These reduced in number post-war, but today RAF Brize Norton is the largest air station in the United Kingdom, and RAF Benson is a major helicopter station for both the Army and the RAF.
Logistics
Although in Berkshire at the time, Didcot was a crucially central logistical station, on the cross between east-west and north-south railway lines.
Bicester gained logistics and Royal Pioneer Corps units during World War II, and these are still there in 2009. Abingdon and Didcot still have logistics regiments.
Medical Units
Oxfordshire has been the site of military hospitals off and on since the Civil War. During the World Wars there were several, with two very large hospitals in Oxford. The story of St Hugh's and its pioneering work on head and brain injuries is of particular interest.
Royal Observer Corps
The Royal Observer Corps had roots in the Great War, but was founded in 1925, being disbanded after the Cold War ended, in 1995. Its role was the visual detection, identification, tracking and reporting of aircraft until radar and faster, higher aircraft rendered this impossible. The Corps then took on the role of reporting on the location of nuclear strikes and the strength and direction of radioactive fallout in the event of nuclear war.
There were 16 observation points in the County.
Oxford Colleges
Several Oxford Colleges had a war-time role.
Prisoner of War Camps
There were several prisoner of war camps thrughout the county, with many prisoners happy to work on the land.
Cadet Forces
There are Navy, Army and Airforce cadet units in the county, as well as Combined Cadet Forces. Thousands of young people join these MOD-sponsored organizations, the aim of which is character building activities.